Guía de lúpulos para cerveza en base a estilo

Para muchos cerveceros novatos es un poco frustrante y desesperante elaborar una receta, también lo es en ocasiones para los profesionales. Es indispensable que exista un balance de lúpulo con el grano y sobretodo volumen del lote. Pero parte de lo que hace el homebrewing un hobbie interesante es el poder experimentar. Claro, existen lúpulos que van de la mano con algún estilo o son recomendados para tal tipo de cerveza por sus características que los hacen especiales. Existen cientos de especies de lúpulos, incluyendo algunas especies que aun no tienen ni nombre porque son experimentales, pero cada lúpulo cae dentro de tres categorías.

• Amargor:  Estos lúpulos contienen altos contenidos de Ácidos Alpha (Alpha Acids) los cuales proporcionan el amargor en la cerveza o mas bien los IBU's (International Bittering Units) que nuestra cerveza tendrá. El nivel de amargor depende mucho del tipo de lúpulo que se utilicé como el tiempo en el que permanece en el mosto durante la cocción.  Para mayor amargor se recomiendan tiempos entre 60-90 minutos de cocción con el lúpulo.
• Aroma: Este tipo de lúpulo tiene un bajo contenido de Ácidos Alpha lo cual no lo hace muy amargo aunque también imparte algo de amargor. Este lúpulo es caracterizado y utilizado para añadir aroma a la cerveza. Esto depende del tiempo en el que permanece en cocción en el mosto. Para estos lúpulos se recomiendo añadirlos entre los últimos 20-15 minutos de la cocción.
• Híbridos: Estos lúpulos tienen una carga balanceada entre amargor y aroma y deben ser utilizados bajo discreción del cervecero.

Pero que especies pertenecen a cada categoría? Y cuales uso para tal estilo?
Yo se que se han de estar preguntando eso y es por eso mismo que les tengo una guia basada en estilos de cerveza con recomendaciones de lúpulo para respectivo estilo. La guia da información acerca de que lúpulos son recomendados para cada tipo de cerveza al igual que cuales pueden ser sus substitutos entre otras características. Me tendrán que disculpar de nuevo porque la gua esta en ingles. Estudie todo esto en E.U.A y todos mis apuntes están en ingles.

Wheat Beers

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Cascade (New Zealand)	6-8%	Ahtanum, Cascade, Centennial	Similar to US Cascade, has floral, citrus grapefruit character.
Centennial	8-11.5%	Cascade, possibly Columbus	Medium with floral and citrus tones.
Chinook	10-14%	Columbus, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Mild to medium-heavy, spicy, piney, and grapefruity.
Cluster	5.5-8.5%	Galena	Medium and quite spicy.
Columbus	11-16%	Chinook, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Pleasant, with pungent aroma.
Eroica (German)	9-12%	Chinook, Galena, Nugget	Strong but pleasant aroma.
Green Bullet (New Zealand)	11-14%	Crystal, Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Mt. Hood, Ultra	Dual purpose hop.
Hallertau Aroma (New Zealand)	6.5-8.5%	Perle	A dual purpose hop which has been used to replace Perle
Hallertauer (U.S.)	3.5-5.5%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Very mild, pleasant, and slightly flowery, some spicy.
Hallertauer Gold (German)	6-6.5%	Crystal, Mt. Hood	Known for its aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Hallertauer Mittelfrüh (German)	3-5.5%	German Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Mild and pleasant.
Hallertauer Tradition (German)	3.5-5.5%	Crystal, Liberty	Known for its aromatic properties. A replacement for Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Hersbrucker (German)	3-5.5%	French Strisslespalt, Mt. Hood	Mild to semi-strong, pleasant, hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Liberty	3-6%	Hallertauer, Hallertauer Tradition, Mt. Hood	Mild and clean aroma, slightly spicy character.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Mt. Hood	3-8%	Crystal, French Strisslespalt, Hersbrucker	Mild, pleasant, and clean, somewhat pungent and resiny.
Northern Brewer (German)	7-10%	Chinook, U.S. Northern Brewer	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northern Brewer (U.S.)	6-10%	Chinook, Nugget	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northwest Golding	4-5%		Known for aromatic properties.
Nugget	11-14.5%	Chinook, Columbus, Galena, U.K. Target	Quite heavy and herbal.
Olympic	11-13%	Chinook	Mild to medium, citrusy aroma, spicy.
Pacific Jade (New Zealand)	12-14%		A "soft" bittering hop with spicy and citrus aroma qualities.
Pacifica (New Zealand)	5-6%	Hallertau family	An aroma hop with some citrus and floral character
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Saaz (Czech)	3-4.5%	U.S. Saaz	Very mild with pleasant hoppy notes, earthy, spicy, and herbal.
Saaz (U.S.)	3-5%	Czech Saaz	Mild and pleasant, earthy and spicy.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Saphir (German)	2.5-4.5%	Any noble hops	Mild aroma hop.
Simcoe	12-14%		A bittering and aromatic hop.
Sladek (Czech)	5-6%	Czech Saaz, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	A dual-purpose Saaz hybrid.
Sorachi Ace (Japan)	13-16%		Bittering hop with lemony aroma
Spalt (German)	4-5.5%	German Spalt Select, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy.
Spalt Select (German)	4-6%	German Spalt, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Very fine Spalter-type aroma.
Spalt Select (U.S.)	3-5%	Saaz, Tettnanger	Medium intensity and pleasant hoppy qualities. Medium-strong aroma with wild American tones.
Sterling	6-9%	Saaz	Herbal, spicy, pleasant aroma, hint of floral and citrus.
Strisslespalt (France)	3-5%	Crystal, Hersbrucker, Mt. Hood	Medium intensity, pleasant, hoppy.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tettnanger (German)	3.5-5.5%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, herbal.
Tettnanger (U.S.)	3.4-5.2%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Santiam	An aromatic hop, mild and slightly spicy.
Tomahawk	15-17%	Columbus	Primarily a bittering hop.
Tradition (German)	5-7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Hersbrucker	Very fine and similar to Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Ultra	2-4.1%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Saaz	Very good to outstanding, some Saaz-like qualities. Aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Vanguard	4-5.7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Saaz	Aroma similar to continental European types.
Warrior	15-17%	Nugget	A bittering and aromatic hop.
Willamette	3.5-6%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, fruity, floral, a little earthy.
Yakima Cluster	6-8.5%		Used as a kettle hop for bittering.
Zeus	13-17%	Columbus	Aromatic and pleasant.

Stout

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Admiral (U.K.)	13.5-16%	U.K. Challenger, U.K. Northdown, U.K. Target	Known for its bittering potential.
Ahtanum	4-6.3%	Amarillo, Cascade	Floral, citrus, sharp, and piney.
Amarillo	8-9%	Cascade, Centennial	Citrusy, flowery.
Bramling Cross (U.K.)	5-7%	U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Quite mild, fruity currant aroma.
Brewer's Gold (U.S.)	7-10%	Bullion	Bittering hop with neutral aroma character.
Bullion (U.K.)	6.5-9%	Columbus, Northern Brewer	A rich hop primarily used for bittering. Intense blackcurrant aroma.
Cascade (U.S.)	4.5-7%	Amarillo, Centennial, possibly Columbus	Pleasant, flowery, spicy, and citrusy. Can have a grapefruit flavor.
Cascade (New Zealand)	6-8%	Ahtanum, Cascade, Centennial	Similar to US Cascade, has floral, citrus grapefruit character.
Centennial	8-11.5%	Cascade, possibly Columbus	Medium with floral and citrus tones.
Challenger (U.K.)	6.5-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. or German Perle	Mild to moderate, quite spicy.
Chinook	10-14%	Columbus, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Mild to medium-heavy, spicy, piney, and grapefruity.
Cluster	5.5-8.5%	Galena	Medium and quite spicy.
Columbus	11-16%	Chinook, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Pleasant, with pungent aroma.
First Gold (U.K.)	6.5-8.5%	maybe Crystal, U.K. Kent Golding	A little like Golding family; spicy.
Fuggle (U.K.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Mild, pleasant, hoppy, and robust.
Fuggle (U.S.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger, Willamette	Mild and pleasant, earthy and fruity.
Galena	10-14%	Chinook, Nugget, Pride of Ringwood	Medium but pleasant hoppiness, citrusy.
Glacier (U.S.)	5-9%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger, Willamette	Dual purpose hop with a citrus earthy aroma.
Golding (U.S.)	4-6%	U.K. Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Mild, extremely pleasant, and gently hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Kent Golding (U.K.)	4-5.5%	U.K. Progress, U.S. Golding, Whitbread Golding Variety	Gentle, fragrant, and pleasant.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Nelson Sauvin (New Zealand)	12-14%		Unique hop with grape-like flavor
Newport	13-17%	Galena, Nugget	Fairly pungent.
Northdown (U.K.)	7.5-9.5%		Fruity with some spiciness.
Northern Brewer (German)	7-10%	Chinook, U.S. Northern Brewer	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northern Brewer (U.S.)	6-10%	Chinook, Nugget	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northwest Golding	4-5%		Known for aromatic properties.
Nugget	11-14.5%	Chinook, Columbus, Galena, U.K. Target	Quite heavy and herbal.
Olympic	11-13%	Chinook	Mild to medium, citrusy aroma, spicy.
Pacific Gem (New Zealand)	13-15%		Bittering hop with a woody character.
Pacific Jade (New Zealand)	12-14%		A "soft" bittering hop with spicy and citrus aroma qualities.
Palisade	5.5-9.5%	Perhaps Cascade	Some "American" characteristics.
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Phoenix (U.K.)	8-13%	U.K. Challenger, U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Northdown	Similar to U.K. Challenger.
Pioneer (U.K.)	8-10%	U.K. Kent Golding	A mild, typical English aroma.
Pride of Ringwood (Australia)	7-10%	Cluster, Galena	Quite pronounced, woody, earthy, herbal.
Progress (U.K.)	5-7.5%	Fuggle, U.K. Kent Golding	Moderately strong, good aroma.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Satus	12.5-14%	Galena	Known for its bittering and aromatic properties.
Simcoe	12-14%		A bittering and aromatic hop.
Southern Cross (New Zealand)	11-14%		Piney, resinous bittering hop
Styrian Golding (Slovenia)	4.5-6%	U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Delicate, slightly spicy.
Summit	16-18%	Simcoe	Ultra high-alpha bittering hop
Sun	12-16%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	High-alpha hop with intense character
Super Alpha (New Zealand)	10-12%		Earthy, piney bittering hop.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tomahawk	15-17%	Columbus	Primarily a bittering hop.
Warrior	15-17%	Nugget	A bittering and aromatic hop.
WGV (Whitbread Golding Variety) (U.K.)	5-7%	U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Progress	Quite pleasant and hoppy, moderately intense.
Willamette	3.5-6%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, fruity, floral, a little earthy.
Yakima Cluster	6-8.5%		Used as a kettle hop for bittering.
Zeus	13-17%	Columbus	Aromatic and pleasant.

Spice, Herb and vegetable beers

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Cascade (U.S.)	4.5-7%	Amarillo, Centennial, possibly Columbus	Pleasant, flowery, spicy, and citrusy. Can have a grapefruit flavor.
Centennial	8-11.5%	Cascade, possibly Columbus	Medium with floral and citrus tones.
Chinook	10-14%	Columbus, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Mild to medium-heavy, spicy, piney, and grapefruity.
Cluster	5.5-8.5%	Galena	Medium and quite spicy.
Columbus	11-16%	Chinook, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Pleasant, with pungent aroma.
Galena	10-14%	Chinook, Nugget, Pride of Ringwood	Medium but pleasant hoppiness, citrusy.
Golding (U.S.)	4-6%	U.K. Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Mild, extremely pleasant, and gently hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Newport	13-17%	Galena, Nugget	Fairly pungent.
Nugget	11-14.5%	Chinook, Columbus, Galena, U.K. Target	Quite heavy and herbal.
Olympic	11-13%	Chinook	Mild to medium, citrusy aroma, spicy.
Opal (German)	5-8%		A new spicy hop variety.
Palisade	5.5-9.5%	Perhaps Cascade	Some "American" characteristics.
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Satus	12.5-14%	Galena	Known for its bittering and aromatic properties.
Simcoe	12-14%		A bittering and aromatic hop.
Sorachi Ace (Japan)	13-16%		Bittering hop with lemony aroma
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tomahawk	15-17%	Columbus	Primarily a bittering hop.
Warrior	15-17%	Nugget	A bittering and aromatic hop.
Willamette	3.5-6%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, fruity, floral, a little earthy.
Yakima Cluster	6-8.5%		Used as a kettle hop for bittering.
Zeus	13-17%	Columbus	Aromatic and pleasant.

Sperimental & Speciality Beer

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Cascade (U.S.)	4.5-7%	Amarillo, Centennial, possibly Columbus	Pleasant, flowery, spicy, and citrusy. Can have a grapefruit flavor.
Cascade (New Zealand)	6-8%	Ahtanum, Cascade, Centennial	Similar to US Cascade, has floral, citrus grapefruit character.
Centennial	8-11.5%	Cascade, possibly Columbus	Medium with floral and citrus tones.
Chinook	10-14%	Columbus, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Mild to medium-heavy, spicy, piney, and grapefruity.
Cluster	5.5-8.5%	Galena	Medium and quite spicy.
Columbus	11-16%	Chinook, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Pleasant, with pungent aroma.
Galena	10-14%	Chinook, Nugget, Pride of Ringwood	Medium but pleasant hoppiness, citrusy.
Golding (U.S.)	4-6%	U.K. Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Mild, extremely pleasant, and gently hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Newport	13-17%	Galena, Nugget	Fairly pungent.
Nugget	11-14.5%	Chinook, Columbus, Galena, U.K. Target	Quite heavy and herbal.
Olympic	11-13%	Chinook	Mild to medium, citrusy aroma, spicy.
Palisade	5.5-9.5%	Perhaps Cascade	Some "American" characteristics.
Satus	12.5-14%	Galena	Known for its bittering and aromatic properties.
Simcoe	12-14%		A bittering and aromatic hop.
Sorachi Ace (Japan)	13-16%		Bittering hop with lemony aroma
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tomahawk	15-17%	Columbus	Primarily a bittering hop.
Warrior	15-17%	Nugget	A bittering and aromatic hop.
Willamette	3.5-6%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, fruity, floral, a little earthy.
Yakima Cluster	6-8.5%		Used as a kettle hop for bittering.
Zeus	13-17%	Columbus	Aromatic and pleasant.

Smoked Beer

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Cascade (U.S.)	4.5-7%	Amarillo, Centennial, possibly Columbus	Pleasant, flowery, spicy, and citrusy. Can have a grapefruit flavor.
Centennial	8-11.5%	Cascade, possibly Columbus	Medium with floral and citrus tones.
Chinook	10-14%	Columbus, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Mild to medium-heavy, spicy, piney, and grapefruity.
Cluster	5.5-8.5%	Galena	Medium and quite spicy.
Columbus	11-16%	Chinook, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Pleasant, with pungent aroma.
Hallertauer Mittelfrüh (German)	3-5.5%	German Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Mild and pleasant.
Hallertauer Tradition (German)	3.5-5.5%	Crystal, Liberty	Known for its aromatic properties. A replacement for Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Hersbrucker (German)	3-5.5%	French Strisslespalt, Mt. Hood	Mild to semi-strong, pleasant, hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Liberty	3-6%	Hallertauer, Hallertauer Tradition, Mt. Hood	Mild and clean aroma, slightly spicy character.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Mt. Hood	3-8%	Crystal, French Strisslespalt, Hersbrucker	Mild, pleasant, and clean, somewhat pungent and resiny.
Northern Brewer (German)	7-10%	Chinook, U.S. Northern Brewer	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northern Brewer (U.S.)	6-10%	Chinook, Nugget	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northwest Golding	4-5%		Known for aromatic properties.
Nugget	11-14.5%	Chinook, Columbus, Galena, U.K. Target	Quite heavy and herbal.
Olympic	11-13%	Chinook	Mild to medium, citrusy aroma, spicy.
Palisade	5.5-9.5%	Perhaps Cascade	Some "American" characteristics.
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Saaz (Czech)	3-4.5%	U.S. Saaz	Very mild with pleasant hoppy notes, earthy, spicy, and herbal.
Saaz (U.S.)	3-5%	Czech Saaz	Mild and pleasant, earthy and spicy.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Saphir (German)	2.5-4.5%	Any noble hops	Mild aroma hop.
Simcoe	12-14%		A bittering and aromatic hop.
Spalt (German)	4-5.5%	German Spalt Select, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy.
Spalt Select (German)	4-6%	German Spalt, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Very fine Spalter-type aroma.
Spalt Select (U.S.)	3-5%	Saaz, Tettnanger	Medium intensity and pleasant hoppy qualities. Medium-strong aroma with wild American tones.
Sterling	6-9%	Saaz	Herbal, spicy, pleasant aroma, hint of floral and citrus.
Strisslespalt (France)	3-5%	Crystal, Hersbrucker, Mt. Hood	Medium intensity, pleasant, hoppy.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tettnanger (German)	3.5-5.5%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, herbal.
Tettnanger (U.S.)	3.4-5.2%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Santiam	An aromatic hop, mild and slightly spicy.
Tomahawk	15-17%	Columbus	Primarily a bittering hop.
Tradition (German)	5-7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Hersbrucker	Very fine and similar to Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Ultra	2-4.1%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Saaz	Very good to outstanding, some Saaz-like qualities. Aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Vanguard	4-5.7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Saaz	Aroma similar to continental European types.
Warrior	15-17%	Nugget	A bittering and aromatic hop.
Willamette	3.5-6%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, fruity, floral, a little earthy.
Yakima Cluster	6-8.5%		Used as a kettle hop for bittering.
Zeus	13-17%	Columbus	Aromatic and pleasant.

Scottish Ale

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Admiral (U.K.)	13.5-16%	U.K. Challenger, U.K. Northdown, U.K. Target	Known for its bittering potential.
Bramling Cross (U.K.)	5-7%	U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Quite mild, fruity currant aroma.
Brewer's Gold (U.S.)	7-10%	Bullion	Bittering hop with neutral aroma character.
Celeia (Slovenia)	3-6%	Styrian Golding	Moderate and pleasant zesty bitterness with matching floral aroma, making its use widespread in both ale and lager brewing. Stores very well.
Challenger (U.K.)	6.5-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. or German Perle	Mild to moderate, quite spicy.
First Gold (U.K.)	6.5-8.5%	maybe Crystal, U.K. Kent Golding	A little like Golding family; spicy.
Fuggle (U.K.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Mild, pleasant, hoppy, and robust.
Fuggle (U.S.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger, Willamette	Mild and pleasant, earthy and fruity.
Golding (U.S.)	4-6%	U.K. Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Mild, extremely pleasant, and gently hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Kent Golding (U.K.)	4-5.5%	U.K. Progress, U.S. Golding, Whitbread Golding Variety	Gentle, fragrant, and pleasant.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Northdown (U.K.)	7.5-9.5%		Fruity with some spiciness.
Northern Brewer (German)	7-10%	Chinook, U.S. Northern Brewer	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northern Brewer (U.S.)	6-10%	Chinook, Nugget	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northwest Golding	4-5%		Known for aromatic properties.
Phoenix (U.K.)	8-13%	U.K. Challenger, U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Northdown	Similar to U.K. Challenger.
Pioneer (U.K.)	8-10%	U.K. Kent Golding	A mild, typical English aroma.
Progress (U.K.)	5-7.5%	Fuggle, U.K. Kent Golding	Moderately strong, good aroma.
Styrian Golding (Slovenia)	4.5-6%	U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Delicate, slightly spicy.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
WGV (Whitbread Golding Variety) (U.K.)	5-7%	U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Progress	Quite pleasant and hoppy, moderately intense.

Porter

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Admiral (U.K.)	13.5-16%	U.K. Challenger, U.K. Northdown, U.K. Target	Known for its bittering potential.
Ahtanum	4-6.3%	Amarillo, Cascade	Floral, citrus, sharp, and piney.
Amarillo	8-9%	Cascade, Centennial	Citrusy, flowery.
Bramling Cross (U.K.)	5-7%	U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Quite mild, fruity currant aroma.
Brewer's Gold (U.S.)	7-10%	Bullion	Bittering hop with neutral aroma character.
Brewer's Gold (German)	6-7%	Bullion, Galena, Northdown, Northern Brewer	Black currant, fruity, spicy.
Bullion (U.K.)	6.5-9%	Columbus, Northern Brewer	A rich hop primarily used for bittering. Intense blackcurrant aroma.
Cascade (U.S.)	4.5-7%	Amarillo, Centennial, possibly Columbus	Pleasant, flowery, spicy, and citrusy. Can have a grapefruit flavor.
Centennial	8-11.5%	Cascade, possibly Columbus	Medium with floral and citrus tones.
Challenger (U.K.)	6.5-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. or German Perle	Mild to moderate, quite spicy.
Chinook	10-14%	Columbus, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Mild to medium-heavy, spicy, piney, and grapefruity.
Cluster	5.5-8.5%	Galena	Medium and quite spicy.
Columbus	11-16%	Chinook, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Pleasant, with pungent aroma.
First Gold (U.K.)	6.5-8.5%	maybe Crystal, U.K. Kent Golding	A little like Golding family; spicy.
Fuggle (U.K.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Mild, pleasant, hoppy, and robust.
Fuggle (U.S.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger, Willamette	Mild and pleasant, earthy and fruity.
Galena	10-14%	Chinook, Nugget, Pride of Ringwood	Medium but pleasant hoppiness, citrusy.
Glacier (U.S.)	5-9%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger, Willamette	Dual purpose hop with a citrus earthy aroma.
Golding (U.S.)	4-6%	U.K. Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Mild, extremely pleasant, and gently hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Kent Golding (U.K.)	4-5.5%	U.K. Progress, U.S. Golding, Whitbread Golding Variety	Gentle, fragrant, and pleasant.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Nelson Sauvin (New Zealand)	12-14%		Unique hop with grape-like flavor
Newport	13-17%	Galena, Nugget	Fairly pungent.
Northdown (U.K.)	7.5-9.5%		Fruity with some spiciness.
Northern Brewer (German)	7-10%	Chinook, U.S. Northern Brewer	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northern Brewer (U.S.)	6-10%	Chinook, Nugget	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northwest Golding	4-5%		Known for aromatic properties.
Nugget	11-14.5%	Chinook, Columbus, Galena, U.K. Target	Quite heavy and herbal.
Olympic	11-13%	Chinook	Mild to medium, citrusy aroma, spicy.
Pacific Gem (New Zealand)	13-15%		Bittering hop with a woody character.
Pacific Jade (New Zealand)	12-14%		A "soft" bittering hop with spicy and citrus aroma qualities.
Palisade	5.5-9.5%	Perhaps Cascade	Some "American" characteristics.
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Phoenix (U.K.)	8-13%	U.K. Challenger, U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Northdown	Similar to U.K. Challenger.
Pioneer (U.K.)	8-10%	U.K. Kent Golding	A mild, typical English aroma.
Pride of Ringwood (Australia)	7-10%	Cluster, Galena	Quite pronounced, woody, earthy, herbal.
Progress (U.K.)	5-7.5%	Fuggle, U.K. Kent Golding	Moderately strong, good aroma.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Satus	12.5-14%	Galena	Known for its bittering and aromatic properties.
Simcoe	12-14%		A bittering and aromatic hop.
Southern Cross (New Zealand)	11-14%		Piney, resinous bittering hop
Styrian Golding (Slovenia)	4.5-6%	U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Delicate, slightly spicy.
Summit	16-18%	Simcoe	Ultra high-alpha bittering hop
Sun	12-16%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	High-alpha hop with intense character
Super Alpha (New Zealand)	10-12%		Earthy, piney bittering hop.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tomahawk	15-17%	Columbus	Primarily a bittering hop.
Warrior	15-17%	Nugget	A bittering and aromatic hop.
WGV (Whitbread Golding Variety) (U.K.)	5-7%	U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Progress	Quite pleasant and hoppy, moderately intense.
Willamette	3.5-6%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, fruity, floral, a little earthy.
Yakima Cluster	6-8.5%		Used as a kettle hop for bittering.
Zeus	13-17%	Columbus	Aromatic and pleasant.

Light Ale

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Cascade (U.S.)	4.5-7%	Amarillo, Centennial, possibly Columbus	Pleasant, flowery, spicy, and citrusy. Can have a grapefruit flavor.
Celeia (Slovenia)	3-6%	Styrian Golding	Moderate and pleasant zesty bitterness with matching floral aroma, making its use widespread in both ale and lager brewing. Stores very well.
Centennial	8-11.5%	Cascade, possibly Columbus	Medium with floral and citrus tones.
Hallertauer Mittelfrüh (German)	3-5.5%	German Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Mild and pleasant.
Hallertauer Tradition (German)	3.5-5.5%	Crystal, Liberty	Known for its aromatic properties. A replacement for Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Hersbrucker (German)	3-5.5%	French Strisslespalt, Mt. Hood	Mild to semi-strong, pleasant, hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Liberty	3-6%	Hallertauer, Hallertauer Tradition, Mt. Hood	Mild and clean aroma, slightly spicy character.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Mt. Hood	3-8%	Crystal, French Strisslespalt, Hersbrucker	Mild, pleasant, and clean, somewhat pungent and resiny.
Northern Brewer (German)	7-10%	Chinook, U.S. Northern Brewer	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northern Brewer (U.S.)	6-10%	Chinook, Nugget	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northwest Golding	4-5%		Known for aromatic properties.
Palisade	5.5-9.5%	Perhaps Cascade	Some "American" characteristics.
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Saaz (Czech)	3-4.5%	U.S. Saaz	Very mild with pleasant hoppy notes, earthy, spicy, and herbal.
Saaz (U.S.)	3-5%	Czech Saaz	Mild and pleasant, earthy and spicy.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Saphir (German)	2.5-4.5%	Any noble hops	Mild aroma hop.
Simcoe	12-14%		A bittering and aromatic hop.
Sorachi Ace (Japan)	13-16%		Bittering hop with lemony aroma
Spalt (German)	4-5.5%	German Spalt Select, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy.
Spalt Select (German)	4-6%	German Spalt, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Very fine Spalter-type aroma.
Spalt Select (U.S.)	3-5%	Saaz, Tettnanger	Medium intensity and pleasant hoppy qualities. Medium-strong aroma with wild American tones.
Sterling	6-9%	Saaz	Herbal, spicy, pleasant aroma, hint of floral and citrus.
Strisslespalt (France)	3-5%	Crystal, Hersbrucker, Mt. Hood	Medium intensity, pleasant, hoppy.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tettnanger (German)	3.5-5.5%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, herbal.
Tettnanger (U.S.)	3.4-5.2%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Santiam	An aromatic hop, mild and slightly spicy.
Tradition (German)	5-7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Hersbrucker	Very fine and similar to Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Ultra	2-4.1%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Saaz	Very good to outstanding, some Saaz-like qualities. Aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Vanguard	4-5.7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Saaz	Aroma similar to continental European types.

Kolsch & Altbier

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Aurora (Slovenia)	6-8%	Northern Brewer
Cascade (Argentina)	3-5%	Any noble hops	Different than US grown Cascades with more of a spicy flavor and lemony aroma.
Hallertau Aroma (New Zealand)	6.5-8.5%	Perle	A dual purpose hop which has been used to replace Perle
Hallertauer (U.S.)	3.5-5.5%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Very mild, pleasant, and slightly flowery, some spicy.
Hallertauer Gold (German)	6-6.5%	Crystal, Mt. Hood	Known for its aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Hallertauer Mittelfrüh (German)	3-5.5%	German Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Mild and pleasant.
Hallertauer Tradition (German)	3.5-5.5%	Crystal, Liberty	Known for its aromatic properties. A replacement for Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Hersbrucker (German)	3-5.5%	French Strisslespalt, Mt. Hood	Mild to semi-strong, pleasant, hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Liberty	3-6%	Hallertauer, Hallertauer Tradition, Mt. Hood	Mild and clean aroma, slightly spicy character.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Mt. Hood	3-8%	Crystal, French Strisslespalt, Hersbrucker	Mild, pleasant, and clean, somewhat pungent and resiny.
Northern Brewer (German)	7-10%	Chinook, U.S. Northern Brewer	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Opal (German)	5-8%		A new spicy hop variety.
Pacific Jade (New Zealand)	12-14%		A "soft" bittering hop with spicy and citrus aroma qualities.
Pacifica (New Zealand)	5-6%	Hallertau family	An aroma hop with some citrus and floral character
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Saaz (Czech)	3-4.5%	U.S. Saaz	Very mild with pleasant hoppy notes, earthy, spicy, and herbal.
Saaz (U.S.)	3-5%	Czech Saaz	Mild and pleasant, earthy and spicy.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Saphir (German)	2.5-4.5%	Any noble hops	Mild aroma hop.
Sladek (Czech)	5-6%	Czech Saaz, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	A dual-purpose Saaz hybrid.
Southern Cross (New Zealand)	11-14%		Piney, resinous bittering hop
Spalt (German)	4-5.5%	German Spalt Select, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy.
Spalt Select (German)	4-6%	German Spalt, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Very fine Spalter-type aroma.
Spalt Select (U.S.)	3-5%	Saaz, Tettnanger	Medium intensity and pleasant hoppy qualities. Medium-strong aroma with wild American tones.
Sterling	6-9%	Saaz	Herbal, spicy, pleasant aroma, hint of floral and citrus.
Strisslespalt (France)	3-5%	Crystal, Hersbrucker, Mt. Hood	Medium intensity, pleasant, hoppy.
Super Alpha (New Zealand)	10-12%		Earthy, piney bittering hop.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tettnanger (German)	3.5-5.5%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, herbal.
Tettnanger (U.S.)	3.4-5.2%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Santiam	An aromatic hop, mild and slightly spicy.
Tradition (German)	5-7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Hersbrucker	Very fine and similar to Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Ultra	2-4.1%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Saaz	Very good to outstanding, some Saaz-like qualities. Aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Vanguard	4-5.7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Saaz	Aroma similar to continental European types.

India Pale Ale

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Admiral (U.K.)	13.5-16%	U.K. Challenger, U.K. Northdown, U.K. Target	Known for its bittering potential.
Ahtanum	4-6.3%	Amarillo, Cascade	Floral, citrus, sharp, and piney.
Amarillo	8-9%	Cascade, Centennial	Citrusy, flowery.
Apollo	15-19%	Zeus	A high alpha acid varietal known for its disease resistance.
Bramling Cross (U.K.)	5-7%	U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Quite mild, fruity currant aroma.
Bravo	14-17%	Apollo, Zeus
Brewer's Gold (U.S.)	7-10%	Bullion	Bittering hop with neutral aroma character.
Brewer's Gold (German)	6-7%	Bullion, Galena, Northdown, Northern Brewer	Black currant, fruity, spicy.
Bullion (U.K.)	6.5-9%	Columbus, Northern Brewer	A rich hop primarily used for bittering. Intense blackcurrant aroma.
Cascade (U.S.)	4.5-7%	Amarillo, Centennial, possibly Columbus	Pleasant, flowery, spicy, and citrusy. Can have a grapefruit flavor.
Cascade (New Zealand)	6-8%	Ahtanum, Cascade, Centennial	Similar to US Cascade, has floral, citrus grapefruit character.
Celeia (Slovenia)	3-6%	Styrian Golding	Moderate and pleasant zesty bitterness with matching floral aroma, making its use widespread in both ale and lager brewing. Stores very well.
Centennial	8-11.5%	Cascade, possibly Columbus	Medium with floral and citrus tones.
Challenger (U.K.)	6.5-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. or German Perle	Mild to moderate, quite spicy.
Chinook	10-14%	Columbus, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Mild to medium-heavy, spicy, piney, and grapefruity.
Cluster	5.5-8.5%	Galena	Medium and quite spicy.
Columbus	11-16%	Chinook, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Pleasant, with pungent aroma.
First Gold (U.K.)	6.5-8.5%	maybe Crystal, U.K. Kent Golding	A little like Golding family; spicy.
Fuggle (U.K.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Mild, pleasant, hoppy, and robust.
Fuggle (U.S.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger, Willamette	Mild and pleasant, earthy and fruity.
Galena	10-14%	Chinook, Nugget, Pride of Ringwood	Medium but pleasant hoppiness, citrusy.
Glacier (U.S.)	5-9%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger, Willamette	Dual purpose hop with a citrus earthy aroma.
Golding (U.S.)	4-6%	U.K. Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Mild, extremely pleasant, and gently hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Kent Golding (U.K.)	4-5.5%	U.K. Progress, U.S. Golding, Whitbread Golding Variety	Gentle, fragrant, and pleasant.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Nelson Sauvin (New Zealand)	12-14%		Unique hop with grape-like flavor
Newport	13-17%	Galena, Nugget	Fairly pungent.
Northdown (U.K.)	7.5-9.5%		Fruity with some spiciness.
Northern Brewer (German)	7-10%	Chinook, U.S. Northern Brewer	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northern Brewer (U.S.)	6-10%	Chinook, Nugget	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northwest Golding	4-5%		Known for aromatic properties.
Nugget	11-14.5%	Chinook, Columbus, Galena, U.K. Target	Quite heavy and herbal.
Olympic	11-13%	Chinook	Mild to medium, citrusy aroma, spicy.
Pacific Gem (New Zealand)	13-15%		Bittering hop with a woody character.
Pacific Jade (New Zealand)	12-14%		A "soft" bittering hop with spicy and citrus aroma qualities.
Palisade	5.5-9.5%	Perhaps Cascade	Some "American" characteristics.
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Phoenix (U.K.)	8-13%	U.K. Challenger, U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Northdown	Similar to U.K. Challenger.
Pioneer (U.K.)	8-10%	U.K. Kent Golding	A mild, typical English aroma.
Pride of Ringwood (Australia)	7-10%	Cluster, Galena	Quite pronounced, woody, earthy, herbal.
Progress (U.K.)	5-7.5%	Fuggle, U.K. Kent Golding	Moderately strong, good aroma.
Riwaka (New Zealand)	4.5-6.5%	Czech Saaz, possible American "C" hops	Citrusy, grapefruit aroma hop
Satus	12.5-14%	Galena	Known for its bittering and aromatic properties.
Simcoe	12-14%		A bittering and aromatic hop.
Sorachi Ace (Japan)	13-16%		Bittering hop with lemony aroma
Southern Cross (New Zealand)	11-14%		Piney, resinous bittering hop
Styrian Golding (Slovenia)	4.5-6%	U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Delicate, slightly spicy.
Summit	16-18%	Simcoe	Ultra high-alpha bittering hop
Sun	12-16%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	High-alpha hop with intense character
Super Alpha (New Zealand)	10-12%		Earthy, piney bittering hop.
Super Pride (Australia)	14%	Pride of Ringwood	A high alpha variety bred from Pride of Ringwood.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tomahawk	15-17%	Columbus	Primarily a bittering hop.
Warrior	15-17%	Nugget	A bittering and aromatic hop.
WGV (Whitbread Golding Variety) (U.K.)	5-7%	U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Progress	Quite pleasant and hoppy, moderately intense.
Willamette	3.5-6%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, fruity, floral, a little earthy.
Yakima Cluster	6-8.5%		Used as a kettle hop for bittering.
Zeus	13-17%	Columbus	Aromatic and pleasant.

German Amber Lager

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Aurora (Slovenia)	6-8%	Northern Brewer
Cascade (Argentina)	3-5%	Any noble hops	Different than US grown Cascades with more of a spicy flavor and lemony aroma.
Celeia (Slovenia)	3-6%	Styrian Golding	Moderate and pleasant zesty bitterness with matching floral aroma, making its use widespread in both ale and lager brewing. Stores very well.
Green Bullet (New Zealand)	11-14%	Crystal, Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Mt. Hood, Ultra	Dual purpose hop.
Hallertau Aroma (New Zealand)	6.5-8.5%	Perle	A dual purpose hop which has been used to replace Perle
Hallertauer (U.S.)	3.5-5.5%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Very mild, pleasant, and slightly flowery, some spicy.
Hallertauer Gold (German)	6-6.5%	Crystal, Mt. Hood	Known for its aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Hallertauer Mittelfrüh (German)	3-5.5%	German Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Mild and pleasant.
Hallertauer Tradition (German)	3.5-5.5%	Crystal, Liberty	Known for its aromatic properties. A replacement for Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Hersbrucker (German)	3-5.5%	French Strisslespalt, Mt. Hood	Mild to semi-strong, pleasant, hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Liberty	3-6%	Hallertauer, Hallertauer Tradition, Mt. Hood	Mild and clean aroma, slightly spicy character.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Motueka (New Zealand)	6.5-7.5%	Czech Saaz, U.S. Saaz	New aroma hop
Mt. Hood	3-8%	Crystal, French Strisslespalt, Hersbrucker	Mild, pleasant, and clean, somewhat pungent and resiny.
Opal (German)	5-8%		A new spicy hop variety.
Pacifica (New Zealand)	5-6%	Hallertau family	An aroma hop with some citrus and floral character
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Saaz (Czech)	3-4.5%	U.S. Saaz	Very mild with pleasant hoppy notes, earthy, spicy, and herbal.
Saaz (U.S.)	3-5%	Czech Saaz	Mild and pleasant, earthy and spicy.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Saphir (German)	2.5-4.5%	Any noble hops	Mild aroma hop.
Select (German)	4-6%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Tettnanger	noble-type aroma
Sladek (Czech)	5-6%	Czech Saaz, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	A dual-purpose Saaz hybrid.
Sorachi Ace (Japan)	13-16%		Bittering hop with lemony aroma
Southern Cross (New Zealand)	11-14%		Piney, resinous bittering hop
Spalt (German)	4-5.5%	German Spalt Select, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy.
Spalt Select (German)	4-6%	German Spalt, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Very fine Spalter-type aroma.
Spalt Select (U.S.)	3-5%	Saaz, Tettnanger	Medium intensity and pleasant hoppy qualities. Medium-strong aroma with wild American tones.
Sterling	6-9%	Saaz	Herbal, spicy, pleasant aroma, hint of floral and citrus.
Strisslespalt (France)	3-5%	Crystal, Hersbrucker, Mt. Hood	Medium intensity, pleasant, hoppy.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tettnanger (German)	3.5-5.5%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, herbal.
Tettnanger (U.S.)	3.4-5.2%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Santiam	An aromatic hop, mild and slightly spicy.
Tradition (German)	5-7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Hersbrucker	Very fine and similar to Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Ultra	2-4.1%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Saaz	Very good to outstanding, some Saaz-like qualities. Aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Vanguard	4-5.7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Saaz	Aroma similar to continental European types.

Fruit Beer

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Hallertauer Mittelfrüh (German)	3-5.5%	German Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Mild and pleasant.
Hallertauer Tradition (German)	3.5-5.5%	Crystal, Liberty	Known for its aromatic properties. A replacement for Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Hersbrucker (German)	3-5.5%	French Strisslespalt, Mt. Hood	Mild to semi-strong, pleasant, hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Liberty	3-6%	Hallertauer, Hallertauer Tradition, Mt. Hood	Mild and clean aroma, slightly spicy character.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Mt. Hood	3-8%	Crystal, French Strisslespalt, Hersbrucker	Mild, pleasant, and clean, somewhat pungent and resiny.
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Saaz (Czech)	3-4.5%	U.S. Saaz	Very mild with pleasant hoppy notes, earthy, spicy, and herbal.
Saaz (U.S.)	3-5%	Czech Saaz	Mild and pleasant, earthy and spicy.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Saphir (German)	2.5-4.5%	Any noble hops	Mild aroma hop.
Sorachi Ace (Japan)	13-16%		Bittering hop with lemony aroma
Spalt (German)	4-5.5%	German Spalt Select, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy.
Spalt Select (German)	4-6%	German Spalt, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Very fine Spalter-type aroma.
Spalt Select (U.S.)	3-5%	Saaz, Tettnanger	Medium intensity and pleasant hoppy qualities. Medium-strong aroma with wild American tones.
Sterling	6-9%	Saaz	Herbal, spicy, pleasant aroma, hint of floral and citrus.
Strisslespalt (France)	3-5%	Crystal, Hersbrucker, Mt. Hood	Medium intensity, pleasant, hoppy.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tettnanger (German)	3.5-5.5%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, herbal.
Tettnanger (U.S.)	3.4-5.2%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Santiam	An aromatic hop, mild and slightly spicy.
Tradition (German)	5-7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Hersbrucker	Very fine and similar to Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Ultra	2-4.1%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Saaz	Very good to outstanding, some Saaz-like qualities. Aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Vanguard	4-5.7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Saaz	Aroma similar to continental European types.

European Pale Lager

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Aurora (Slovenia)	6-8%	Northern Brewer
Celeia (Slovenia)	3-6%	Styrian Golding	Moderate and pleasant zesty bitterness with matching floral aroma, making its use widespread in both ale and lager brewing. Stores very well.
Crystal	2-4.5%	French Strisslespalt, Hallertauer, Hersbrucker, Liberty, Mt. Hood	Mild and pleasant, spicy and flowery.
Green Bullet (New Zealand)	11-14%	Crystal, Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Mt. Hood, Ultra	Dual purpose hop.
Hallertau Aroma (New Zealand)	6.5-8.5%	Perle	A dual purpose hop which has been used to replace Perle
Hallertauer (U.S.)	3.5-5.5%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Very mild, pleasant, and slightly flowery, some spicy.
Hallertauer Gold (German)	6-6.5%	Crystal, Mt. Hood	Known for its aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Hallertauer Mittelfrüh (German)	3-5.5%	German Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Mild and pleasant.
Hallertauer Tradition (German)	3.5-5.5%	Crystal, Liberty	Known for its aromatic properties. A replacement for Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Hersbrucker (German)	3-5.5%	French Strisslespalt, Mt. Hood	Mild to semi-strong, pleasant, hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Liberty	3-6%	Hallertauer, Hallertauer Tradition, Mt. Hood	Mild and clean aroma, slightly spicy character.
Lublin (Poland)	3-4.5%	Czech Saaz, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and typical of noble aroma types, spicy, herbal.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Marynka (Poland)	9-12%		New hop variety with intense aroma
Millenium	12-15%	Nugget	Mild, herbal, similar to Nugget.
Motueka (New Zealand)	6.5-7.5%	Czech Saaz, U.S. Saaz	New aroma hop
Mt. Hood	3-8%	Crystal, French Strisslespalt, Hersbrucker	Mild, pleasant, and clean, somewhat pungent and resiny.
Opal (German)	5-8%		A new spicy hop variety.
Pacific Jade (New Zealand)	12-14%		A "soft" bittering hop with spicy and citrus aroma qualities.
Pacifica (New Zealand)	5-6%	Hallertau family	An aroma hop with some citrus and floral character
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Premiant (Czech)	8-12.5%		A dual purpose variety with a balanced bitterness and slightly spicy aroma
Saaz (Czech)	3-4.5%	U.S. Saaz	Very mild with pleasant hoppy notes, earthy, spicy, and herbal.
Saaz (U.S.)	3-5%	Czech Saaz	Mild and pleasant, earthy and spicy.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Saphir (German)	2.5-4.5%	Any noble hops	Mild aroma hop.
Select (German)	4-6%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Tettnanger	noble-type aroma
Sladek (Czech)	5-6%	Czech Saaz, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	A dual-purpose Saaz hybrid.
Southern Cross (New Zealand)	11-14%		Piney, resinous bittering hop
Spalt (German)	4-5.5%	German Spalt Select, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy.
Spalt Select (German)	4-6%	German Spalt, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Very fine Spalter-type aroma.
Spalt Select (U.S.)	3-5%	Saaz, Tettnanger	Medium intensity and pleasant hoppy qualities. Medium-strong aroma with wild American tones.
Sterling	6-9%	Saaz	Herbal, spicy, pleasant aroma, hint of floral and citrus.
Strisslespalt (France)	3-5%	Crystal, Hersbrucker, Mt. Hood	Medium intensity, pleasant, hoppy.
Styrian Golding (Slovenia)	4.5-6%	U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Delicate, slightly spicy.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tettnanger (German)	3.5-5.5%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, herbal.
Tettnanger (U.S.)	3.4-5.2%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Santiam	An aromatic hop, mild and slightly spicy.
Tradition (German)	5-7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Hersbrucker	Very fine and similar to Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Ultra	2-4.1%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Saaz	Very good to outstanding, some Saaz-like qualities. Aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Vanguard	4-5.7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Saaz	Aroma similar to continental European types.

European Dark Lager

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Aurora (Slovenia)	6-8%	Northern Brewer
Brewer's Gold (German)	6-7%	Bullion, Galena, Northdown, Northern Brewer	Black currant, fruity, spicy.
Cascade (Argentina)	3-5%	Any noble hops	Different than US grown Cascades with more of a spicy flavor and lemony aroma.
Celeia (Slovenia)	3-6%	Styrian Golding	Moderate and pleasant zesty bitterness with matching floral aroma, making its use widespread in both ale and lager brewing. Stores very well.
Crystal	2-4.5%	French Strisslespalt, Hallertauer, Hersbrucker, Liberty, Mt. Hood	Mild and pleasant, spicy and flowery.
Hallertau Aroma (New Zealand)	6.5-8.5%	Perle	A dual purpose hop which has been used to replace Perle
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Marynka (Poland)	9-12%		New hop variety with intense aroma
Motueka (New Zealand)	6.5-7.5%	Czech Saaz, U.S. Saaz	New aroma hop
Opal (German)	5-8%		A new spicy hop variety.
Pacifica (New Zealand)	5-6%	Hallertau family	An aroma hop with some citrus and floral character
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Saaz (Czech)	3-4.5%	U.S. Saaz	Very mild with pleasant hoppy notes, earthy, spicy, and herbal.
Saaz (U.S.)	3-5%	Czech Saaz	Mild and pleasant, earthy and spicy.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Saphir (German)	2.5-4.5%	Any noble hops	Mild aroma hop.
Select (German)	4-6%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Tettnanger	noble-type aroma
Sladek (Czech)	5-6%	Czech Saaz, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	A dual-purpose Saaz hybrid.
Southern Cross (New Zealand)	11-14%		Piney, resinous bittering hop
Spalt (German)	4-5.5%	German Spalt Select, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy.
Spalt Select (German)	4-6%	German Spalt, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Very fine Spalter-type aroma.
Spalt Select (U.S.)	3-5%	Saaz, Tettnanger	Medium intensity and pleasant hoppy qualities. Medium-strong aroma with wild American tones.
Sterling	6-9%	Saaz	Herbal, spicy, pleasant aroma, hint of floral and citrus.
Strisslespalt (France)	3-5%	Crystal, Hersbrucker, Mt. Hood	Medium intensity, pleasant, hoppy.
Styrian Golding (Slovenia)	4.5-6%	U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Delicate, slightly spicy.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tettnanger (German)	3.5-5.5%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, herbal.
Tettnanger (U.S.)	3.4-5.2%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Santiam	An aromatic hop, mild and slightly spicy.

English Bitter & Pale Ale

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Admiral (U.K.)	13.5-16%	U.K. Challenger, U.K. Northdown, U.K. Target	Known for its bittering potential.
Apollo	15-19%	Zeus	A high alpha acid varietal known for its disease resistance.
Bramling Cross (U.K.)	5-7%	U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Quite mild, fruity currant aroma.
Brewer's Gold (U.S.)	7-10%	Bullion	Bittering hop with neutral aroma character.
Brewer's Gold (German)	6-7%	Bullion, Galena, Northdown, Northern Brewer	Black currant, fruity, spicy.
Bullion (U.K.)	6.5-9%	Columbus, Northern Brewer	A rich hop primarily used for bittering. Intense blackcurrant aroma.
Cascade (Argentina)	3-5%	Any noble hops	Different than US grown Cascades with more of a spicy flavor and lemony aroma.
Celeia (Slovenia)	3-6%	Styrian Golding	Moderate and pleasant zesty bitterness with matching floral aroma, making its use widespread in both ale and lager brewing. Stores very well.
Challenger (U.K.)	6.5-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. or German Perle	Mild to moderate, quite spicy.
First Gold (U.K.)	6.5-8.5%	maybe Crystal, U.K. Kent Golding	A little like Golding family; spicy.
Fuggle (U.K.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Mild, pleasant, hoppy, and robust.
Fuggle (U.S.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger, Willamette	Mild and pleasant, earthy and fruity.
Galena	10-14%	Chinook, Nugget, Pride of Ringwood	Medium but pleasant hoppiness, citrusy.
Glacier (U.S.)	5-9%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger, Willamette	Dual purpose hop with a citrus earthy aroma.
Golding (U.S.)	4-6%	U.K. Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Mild, extremely pleasant, and gently hoppy.
Herald (U.K.)	11-13%		New dual-purpose hop
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Kent Golding (U.K.)	4-5.5%	U.K. Progress, U.S. Golding, Whitbread Golding Variety	Gentle, fragrant, and pleasant.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Nelson Sauvin (New Zealand)	12-14%		Unique hop with grape-like flavor
Newport	13-17%	Galena, Nugget	Fairly pungent.
Northdown (U.K.)	7.5-9.5%		Fruity with some spiciness.
Northern Brewer (German)	7-10%	Chinook, U.S. Northern Brewer	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northern Brewer (U.S.)	6-10%	Chinook, Nugget	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northwest Golding	4-5%		Known for aromatic properties.
Pacific Gem (New Zealand)	13-15%		Bittering hop with a woody character.
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Phoenix (U.K.)	8-13%	U.K. Challenger, U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Northdown	Similar to U.K. Challenger.
Pioneer (U.K.)	8-10%	U.K. Kent Golding	A mild, typical English aroma.
Pride of Ringwood (Australia)	7-10%	Cluster, Galena	Quite pronounced, woody, earthy, herbal.
Progress (U.K.)	5-7.5%	Fuggle, U.K. Kent Golding	Moderately strong, good aroma.
Satus	12.5-14%	Galena	Known for its bittering and aromatic properties.
Styrian Golding (Slovenia)	4.5-6%	U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Delicate, slightly spicy.
Super Pride (Australia)	14%	Pride of Ringwood	A high alpha variety bred from Pride of Ringwood.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
WGV (Whitbread Golding Variety) (U.K.)	5-7%	U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Progress	Quite pleasant and hoppy, moderately intense.
Willamette	3.5-6%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, fruity, floral, a little earthy.

English & Scottish Strong Ale

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Admiral (U.K.)	13.5-16%	U.K. Challenger, U.K. Northdown, U.K. Target	Known for its bittering potential.
Bramling Cross (U.K.)	5-7%	U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Quite mild, fruity currant aroma.
Brewer's Gold (U.S.)	7-10%	Bullion	Bittering hop with neutral aroma character.
Brewer's Gold (German)	6-7%	Bullion, Galena, Northdown, Northern Brewer	Black currant, fruity, spicy.
Bullion (U.K.)	6.5-9%	Columbus, Northern Brewer	A rich hop primarily used for bittering. Intense blackcurrant aroma.
Celeia (Slovenia)	3-6%	Styrian Golding	Moderate and pleasant zesty bitterness with matching floral aroma, making its use widespread in both ale and lager brewing. Stores very well.
Challenger (U.K.)	6.5-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. or German Perle	Mild to moderate, quite spicy.
First Gold (U.K.)	6.5-8.5%	maybe Crystal, U.K. Kent Golding	A little like Golding family; spicy.
Fuggle (U.K.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Mild, pleasant, hoppy, and robust.
Fuggle (U.S.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger, Willamette	Mild and pleasant, earthy and fruity.
Golding (U.S.)	4-6%	U.K. Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Mild, extremely pleasant, and gently hoppy.
Herald (U.K.)	11-13%		New dual-purpose hop
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Kent Golding (U.K.)	4-5.5%	U.K. Progress, U.S. Golding, Whitbread Golding Variety	Gentle, fragrant, and pleasant.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Northdown (U.K.)	7.5-9.5%		Fruity with some spiciness.
Northern Brewer (German)	7-10%	Chinook, U.S. Northern Brewer	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northern Brewer (U.S.)	6-10%	Chinook, Nugget	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northwest Golding	4-5%		Known for aromatic properties.
Phoenix (U.K.)	8-13%	U.K. Challenger, U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Northdown	Similar to U.K. Challenger.
Pioneer (U.K.)	8-10%	U.K. Kent Golding	A mild, typical English aroma.
Progress (U.K.)	5-7.5%	Fuggle, U.K. Kent Golding	Moderately strong, good aroma.
Sorachi Ace (Japan)	13-16%		Bittering hop with lemony aroma
Southern Cross (New Zealand)	11-14%		Piney, resinous bittering hop
Styrian Golding (Slovenia)	4.5-6%	U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Delicate, slightly spicy.
Super Alpha (New Zealand)	10-12%		Earthy, piney bittering hop.
Super Pride (Australia)	14%	Pride of Ringwood	A high alpha variety bred from Pride of Ringwood.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
WGV (Whitbread Golding Variety) (U.K.)	5-7%	U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Progress	Quite pleasant and hoppy, moderately intense.
Willamette	3.5-6%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle,	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, fruity, floral, a little earthy.

Brown Ale

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Ahtanum	4-6.3%	Amarillo, Cascade	Floral, citrus, sharp, and piney.
Brewer's Gold (U.S.)	7-10%	Bullion	Bittering hop with neutral aroma character.
Bullion (U.K.)	6.5-9%	Columbus, Northern Brewer	A rich hop primarily used for bittering. Intense blackcurrant aroma.
Cascade (U.S.)	4.5-7%	Amarillo, Centennial, possibly Columbus	Pleasant, flowery, spicy, and citrusy. Can have a grapefruit flavor.
Cascade (New Zealand)	6-8%	Ahtanum, Cascade, Centennial	Similar to US Cascade, has floral, citrus grapefruit character.
Celeia (Slovenia)	3-6%	Styrian Golding	Moderate and pleasant zesty bitterness with matching floral aroma, making its use widespread in both ale and lager brewing. Stores very well.
Centennial	8-11.5%	Cascade, possibly Columbus	Medium with floral and citrus tones.
Chinook	10-14%	Columbus, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Mild to medium-heavy, spicy, piney, and grapefruity.
Cluster	5.5-8.5%	Galena	Medium and quite spicy.
Columbus	11-16%	Chinook, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Pleasant, with pungent aroma.
First Gold (U.K.)	6.5-8.5%	maybe Crystal, U.K. Kent Golding	A little like Golding family; spicy.
Fuggle (U.K.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Mild, pleasant, hoppy, and robust.
Fuggle (U.S.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger, Willamette	Mild and pleasant, earthy and fruity.
Galena	10-14%	Chinook, Nugget, Pride of Ringwood	Medium but pleasant hoppiness, citrusy.
Golding (U.S.)	4-6%	U.K. Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Mild, extremely pleasant, and gently hoppy.
Herald (U.K.)	11-13%		New dual-purpose hop
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Kent Golding (U.K.)	4-5.5%	U.K. Progress, U.S. Golding, Whitbread Golding Variety	Gentle, fragrant, and pleasant.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Newport	13-17%	Galena, Nugget	Fairly pungent.
Northdown (U.K.)	7.5-9.5%		Fruity with some spiciness.
Northern Brewer (German)	7-10%	Chinook, U.S. Northern Brewer	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northern Brewer (U.S.)	6-10%	Chinook, Nugget	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northwest Golding	4-5%		Known for aromatic properties.
Nugget	11-14.5%	Chinook, Columbus, Galena, U.K. Target	Quite heavy and herbal.
Olympic	11-13%	Chinook	Mild to medium, citrusy aroma, spicy.
Pacific Jade (New Zealand)	12-14%		A "soft" bittering hop with spicy and citrus aroma qualities.
Palisade	5.5-9.5%	Perhaps Cascade	Some "American" characteristics.
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Phoenix (U.K.)	8-13%	U.K. Challenger, U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Northdown	Similar to U.K. Challenger.
Pioneer (U.K.)	8-10%	U.K. Kent Golding	A mild, typical English aroma.
Progress (U.K.)	5-7.5%	Fuggle, U.K. Kent Golding	Moderately strong, good aroma.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Satus	12.5-14%	Galena	Known for its bittering and aromatic properties.
Simcoe	12-14%		A bittering and aromatic hop.
Sorachi Ace (Japan)	13-16%		Bittering hop with lemony aroma
Southern Cross (New Zealand)	11-14%		Piney, resinous bittering hop
Styrian Golding (Slovenia)	4.5-6%	U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Delicate, slightly spicy.
Summit	16-18%	Simcoe	Ultra high-alpha bittering hop
Sun	12-16%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	High-alpha hop with intense character
Super Alpha (New Zealand)	10-12%		Earthy, piney bittering hop.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tomahawk	15-17%	Columbus	Primarily a bittering hop.
Warrior	15-17%	Nugget	A bittering and aromatic hop.
WGV (Whitbread Golding Variety) (U.K.)	5-7%	U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Progress	Quite pleasant and hoppy, moderately intense.
Willamette	3.5-6%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, fruity, floral, a little earthy.
Yakima Cluster	6-8.5%		Used as a kettle hop for bittering.
Zeus	13-17%	Columbus	Aromatic and pleasant.

Bock

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Brewer's Gold (German)	6-7%	Bullion, Galena, Northdown, Northern Brewer	Black currant, fruity, spicy.
Green Bullet (New Zealand)	11-14%	Crystal, Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Mt. Hood, Ultra	Dual purpose hop.
Hallertauer (U.S.)	3.5-5.5%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Very mild, pleasant, and slightly flowery, some spicy.
Hallertauer Gold (German)	6-6.5%	Crystal, Mt. Hood	Known for its aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Hallertauer Mittelfrüh (German)	3-5.5%	German Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Mild and pleasant.
Hallertauer Tradition (German)	3.5-5.5%	Crystal, Liberty	Known for its aromatic properties. A replacement for Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Hersbrucker (German)	3-5.5%	French Strisslespalt, Mt. Hood	Mild to semi-strong, pleasant, hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Liberty	3-6%	Hallertauer, Hallertauer Tradition, Mt. Hood	Mild and clean aroma, slightly spicy character.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Motueka (New Zealand)	6.5-7.5%	Czech Saaz, U.S. Saaz	New aroma hop
Mt. Hood	3-8%	Crystal, French Strisslespalt, Hersbrucker	Mild, pleasant, and clean, somewhat pungent and resiny.
Pacifica (New Zealand)	5-6%	Hallertau family	An aroma hop with some citrus and floral character
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Saaz (Czech)	3-4.5%	U.S. Saaz	Very mild with pleasant hoppy notes, earthy, spicy, and herbal.
Saaz (U.S.)	3-5%	Czech Saaz	Mild and pleasant, earthy and spicy.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Saphir (German)	2.5-4.5%	Any noble hops	Mild aroma hop.
Select (German)	4-6%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Tettnanger	noble-type aroma
Sladek (Czech)	5-6%	Czech Saaz, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	A dual-purpose Saaz hybrid.
Spalt (German)	4-5.5%	German Spalt Select, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy.
Spalt Select (German)	4-6%	German Spalt, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Very fine Spalter-type aroma.
Spalt Select (U.S.)	3-5%	Saaz, Tettnanger	Medium intensity and pleasant hoppy qualities. Medium-strong aroma with wild American tones.
Sterling	6-9%	Saaz	Herbal, spicy, pleasant aroma, hint of floral and citrus.
Strisslespalt (France)	3-5%	Crystal, Hersbrucker, Mt. Hood	Medium intensity, pleasant, hoppy.
Super Alpha (New Zealand)	10-12%		Earthy, piney bittering hop.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tettnanger (German)	3.5-5.5%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, herbal.
Tettnanger (U.S.)	3.4-5.2%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Santiam	An aromatic hop, mild and slightly spicy.
Tradition (German)	5-7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Hersbrucker	Very fine and similar to Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Ultra	2-4.1%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Saaz	Very good to outstanding, some Saaz-like qualities. Aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Vanguard	4-5.7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Saaz	Aroma similar to continental European types.

Belgian Strong Ale

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Hallertauer (U.S.)	3.5-5.5%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Very mild, pleasant, and slightly flowery, some spicy.
Hallertauer Gold (German)	6-6.5%	Crystal, Mt. Hood	Known for its aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Hallertauer Mittelfrüh (German)	3-5.5%	German Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Mild and pleasant.
Hallertauer Tradition (German)	3.5-5.5%	Crystal, Liberty	Known for its aromatic properties. A replacement for Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Hersbrucker (German)	3-5.5%	French Strisslespalt, Mt. Hood	Mild to semi-strong, pleasant, hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Liberty	3-6%	Hallertauer, Hallertauer Tradition, Mt. Hood	Mild and clean aroma, slightly spicy character.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Mt. Hood	3-8%	Crystal, French Strisslespalt, Hersbrucker	Mild, pleasant, and clean, somewhat pungent and resiny.
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Saaz (Czech)	3-4.5%	U.S. Saaz	Very mild with pleasant hoppy notes, earthy, spicy, and herbal.
Saaz (U.S.)	3-5%	Czech Saaz	Mild and pleasant, earthy and spicy.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Saphir (German)	2.5-4.5%	Any noble hops	Mild aroma hop.
Spalt (German)	4-5.5%	German Spalt Select, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy.
Spalt Select (German)	4-6%	German Spalt, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Very fine Spalter-type aroma.
Spalt Select (U.S.)	3-5%	Saaz, Tettnanger	Medium intensity and pleasant hoppy qualities. Medium-strong aroma with wild American tones.
Sterling	6-9%	Saaz	Herbal, spicy, pleasant aroma, hint of floral and citrus.
Strisslespalt (France)	3-5%	Crystal, Hersbrucker, Mt. Hood	Medium intensity, pleasant, hoppy.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tettnanger (German)	3.5-5.5%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, herbal.
Tettnanger (U.S.)	3.4-5.2%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Santiam	An aromatic hop, mild and slightly spicy.
Tradition (German)	5-7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Hersbrucker	Very fine and similar to Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Ultra	2-4.1%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Saaz	Very good to outstanding, some Saaz-like qualities. Aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Vanguard	4-5.7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Saaz	Aroma similar to continental European types.

Belgian Lambic & Sour Ale

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Hallertauer (U.S.)	3.5-5.5%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Very mild, pleasant, and slightly flowery, some spicy.
Hallertauer Gold (German)	6-6.5%	Crystal, Mt. Hood	Known for its aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Hallertauer Mittelfrüh (German)	3-5.5%	German Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Mild and pleasant.
Hallertauer Tradition (German)	3.5-5.5%	Crystal, Liberty	Known for its aromatic properties. A replacement for Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Hersbrucker (German)	3-5.5%	French Strisslespalt, Mt. Hood	Mild to semi-strong, pleasant, hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Liberty	3-6%	Hallertauer, Hallertauer Tradition, Mt. Hood	Mild and clean aroma, slightly spicy character.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Mt. Hood	3-8%	Crystal, French Strisslespalt, Hersbrucker	Mild, pleasant, and clean, somewhat pungent and resiny.
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Saaz (Czech)	3-4.5%	U.S. Saaz	Very mild with pleasant hoppy notes, earthy, spicy, and herbal.
Saaz (U.S.)	3-5%	Czech Saaz	Mild and pleasant, earthy and spicy.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Saphir (German)	2.5-4.5%	Any noble hops	Mild aroma hop.
Spalt (German)	4-5.5%	German Spalt Select, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy.
Spalt Select (German)	4-6%	German Spalt, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Very fine Spalter-type aroma.
Spalt Select (U.S.)	3-5%	Saaz, Tettnanger	Medium intensity and pleasant hoppy qualities. Medium-strong aroma with wild American tones.
Sterling	6-9%	Saaz	Herbal, spicy, pleasant aroma, hint of floral and citrus.
Strisslespalt (France)	3-5%	Crystal, Hersbrucker, Mt. Hood	Medium intensity, pleasant, hoppy.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tettnanger (German)	3.5-5.5%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, herbal.
Tettnanger (U.S.)	3.4-5.2%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Santiam	An aromatic hop, mild and slightly spicy.
Tradition (German)	5-7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Hersbrucker	Very fine and similar to Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Ultra	2-4.1%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Saaz	Very good to outstanding, some Saaz-like qualities. Aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Vanguard	4-5.7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Saaz	Aroma similar to continental European types.

Belgian & French Ale

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Hallertauer (U.S.)	3.5-5.5%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Very mild, pleasant, and slightly flowery, some spicy.
Hallertauer Gold (German)	6-6.5%	Crystal, Mt. Hood	Known for its aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Hallertauer Mittelfrüh (German)	3-5.5%	German Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Mild and pleasant.
Hallertauer Tradition (German)	3.5-5.5%	Crystal, Liberty	Known for its aromatic properties. A replacement for Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Hersbrucker (German)	3-5.5%	French Strisslespalt, Mt. Hood	Mild to semi-strong, pleasant, hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Liberty	3-6%	Hallertauer, Hallertauer Tradition, Mt. Hood	Mild and clean aroma, slightly spicy character.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Mt. Hood	3-8%	Crystal, French Strisslespalt, Hersbrucker	Mild, pleasant, and clean, somewhat pungent and resiny.
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Saaz (Czech)	3-4.5%	U.S. Saaz	Very mild with pleasant hoppy notes, earthy, spicy, and herbal.
Saaz (U.S.)	3-5%	Czech Saaz	Mild and pleasant, earthy and spicy.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Saphir (German)	2.5-4.5%	Any noble hops	Mild aroma hop.
Spalt (German)	4-5.5%	German Spalt Select, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy.
Spalt Select (German)	4-6%	German Spalt, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Very fine Spalter-type aroma.
Spalt Select (U.S.)	3-5%	Saaz, Tettnanger	Medium intensity and pleasant hoppy qualities. Medium-strong aroma with wild American tones.
Sterling	6-9%	Saaz	Herbal, spicy, pleasant aroma, hint of floral and citrus.
Strisslespalt (France)	3-5%	Crystal, Hersbrucker, Mt. Hood	Medium intensity, pleasant, hoppy.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tettnanger (German)	3.5-5.5%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, herbal.
Tettnanger (U.S.)	3.4-5.2%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Santiam	An aromatic hop, mild and slightly spicy.
Tradition (German)	5-7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Hersbrucker	Very fine and similar to Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Ultra	2-4.1%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Saaz	Very good to outstanding, some Saaz-like qualities. Aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Vanguard	4-5.7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Saaz	Aroma similar to continental European types.

Barleywine & Imperial Stout

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Admiral (U.K.)	13.5-16%	U.K. Challenger, U.K. Northdown, U.K. Target	Known for its bittering potential.
Apollo	15-19%	Zeus	A high alpha acid varietal known for its disease resistance.
Bramling Cross (U.K.)	5-7%	U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Quite mild, fruity currant aroma.
Brewer's Gold (U.S.)	7-10%	Bullion	Bittering hop with neutral aroma character.
Bullion (U.K.)	6.5-9%	Columbus, Northern Brewer	A rich hop primarily used for bittering. Intense blackcurrant aroma.
Cascade (U.S.)	4.5-7%	Amarillo, Centennial, possibly Columbus	Pleasant, flowery, spicy, and citrusy. Can have a grapefruit flavor.
Cascade (New Zealand)	6-8%	Ahtanum, Cascade, Centennial	Similar to US Cascade, has floral, citrus grapefruit character.
Centennial	8-11.5%	Cascade, possibly Columbus	Medium with floral and citrus tones.
Challenger (U.K.)	6.5-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. or German Perle	Mild to moderate, quite spicy.
Chinook	10-14%	Columbus, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Mild to medium-heavy, spicy, piney, and grapefruity.
Cluster	5.5-8.5%	Galena	Medium and quite spicy.
Columbus	11-16%	Chinook, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Pleasant, with pungent aroma.
First Gold (U.K.)	6.5-8.5%	maybe Crystal, U.K. Kent Golding	A little like Golding family; spicy.
Fuggle (U.K.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Mild, pleasant, hoppy, and robust.
Fuggle (U.S.)	4-5.5%	Styrian Golding, U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger, Willamette	Mild and pleasant, earthy and fruity.
Galena	10-14%	Chinook, Nugget, Pride of Ringwood	Medium but pleasant hoppiness, citrusy.
Golding (U.S.)	4-6%	U.K. Golding, U.K. Progress, Whitbread Golding Variety	Mild, extremely pleasant, and gently hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Kent Golding (U.K.)	4-5.5%	U.K. Progress, U.S. Golding, Whitbread Golding Variety	Gentle, fragrant, and pleasant.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Nelson Sauvin (New Zealand)	12-14%		Unique hop with grape-like flavor
Newport	13-17%	Galena, Nugget	Fairly pungent.
Northdown (U.K.)	7.5-9.5%		Fruity with some spiciness.
Northern Brewer (German)	7-10%	Chinook, U.S. Northern Brewer	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northern Brewer (U.S.)	6-10%	Chinook, Nugget	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northwest Golding	4-5%		Known for aromatic properties.
Nugget	11-14.5%	Chinook, Columbus, Galena, U.K. Target	Quite heavy and herbal.
Olympic	11-13%	Chinook	Mild to medium, citrusy aroma, spicy.
Pacific Gem (New Zealand)	13-15%		Bittering hop with a woody character.
Pacific Jade (New Zealand)	12-14%		A "soft" bittering hop with spicy and citrus aroma qualities.
Palisade	5.5-9.5%	Perhaps Cascade	Some "American" characteristics.
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Phoenix (U.K.)	8-13%	U.K. Challenger, U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Northdown	Similar to U.K. Challenger.
Pioneer (U.K.)	8-10%	U.K. Kent Golding	A mild, typical English aroma.
Pride of Ringwood (Australia)	7-10%	Cluster, Galena	Quite pronounced, woody, earthy, herbal.
Progress (U.K.)	5-7.5%	Fuggle, U.K. Kent Golding	Moderately strong, good aroma.
Satus	12.5-14%	Galena	Known for its bittering and aromatic properties.
Simcoe	12-14%		A bittering and aromatic hop.
Southern Cross (New Zealand)	11-14%		Piney, resinous bittering hop
Summit	16-18%	Simcoe	Ultra high-alpha bittering hop
Sun	12-16%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	High-alpha hop with intense character
Super Alpha (New Zealand)	10-12%		Earthy, piney bittering hop.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tomahawk	15-17%	Columbus	Primarily a bittering hop.
Warrior	15-17%	Nugget	A bittering and aromatic hop.
WGV (Whitbread Golding Variety) (U.K.)	5-7%	U.K. Kent Golding, U.K. Progress	Quite pleasant and hoppy, moderately intense.
Willamette	3.5-6%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, fruity, floral, a little earthy.
Yakima Cluster	6-8.5%		Used as a kettle hop for bittering.
Zeus	13-17%	Columbus	Aromatic and pleasant.

American Lager

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Celeia (Slovenia)	3-6%	Styrian Golding	Moderate and pleasant zesty bitterness with matching floral aroma, making its use widespread in both ale and lager brewing. Stores very well.
Chinook	10-14%	Columbus, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Mild to medium-heavy, spicy, piney, and grapefruity.
Cluster	5.5-8.5%	Galena	Medium and quite spicy.
Crystal	2-4.5%	French Strisslespalt, Hallertauer, Hersbrucker, Liberty, Mt. Hood	Mild and pleasant, spicy and flowery.
Green Bullet (New Zealand)	11-14%	Crystal, Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Mt. Hood, Ultra	Dual purpose hop.
Hallertau Aroma (New Zealand)	6.5-8.5%	Perle	A dual purpose hop which has been used to replace Perle
Hallertauer (U.S.)	3.5-5.5%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Very mild, pleasant, and slightly flowery, some spicy.
Hallertauer Gold (German)	6-6.5%	Crystal, Mt. Hood	Known for its aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Hallertauer Mittelfrüh (German)	3-5.5%	German Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Mild and pleasant.
Hallertauer Tradition (German)	3.5-5.5%	Crystal, Liberty	Known for its aromatic properties. A replacement for Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Hersbrucker (German)	3-5.5%	French Strisslespalt, Mt. Hood	Mild to semi-strong, pleasant, hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Liberty	3-6%	Hallertauer, Hallertauer Tradition, Mt. Hood	Mild and clean aroma, slightly spicy character.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Millenium	12-15%	Nugget	Mild, herbal, similar to Nugget.
Mt. Hood	3-8%	Crystal, French Strisslespalt, Hersbrucker	Mild, pleasant, and clean, somewhat pungent and resiny.
Newport	13-17%	Galena, Nugget	Fairly pungent.
Olympic	11-13%	Chinook	Mild to medium, citrusy aroma, spicy.
Pacific Jade (New Zealand)	12-14%		A "soft" bittering hop with spicy and citrus aroma qualities.
Saaz (Czech)	3-4.5%	U.S. Saaz	Very mild with pleasant hoppy notes, earthy, spicy, and herbal.
Saaz (U.S.)	3-5%	Czech Saaz	Mild and pleasant, earthy and spicy.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Saphir (German)	2.5-4.5%	Any noble hops	Mild aroma hop.
Sladek (Czech)	5-6%	Czech Saaz, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	A dual-purpose Saaz hybrid.
Sorachi Ace (Japan)	13-16%		Bittering hop with lemony aroma
Southern Cross (New Zealand)	11-14%		Piney, resinous bittering hop
Spalt (German)	4-5.5%	German Spalt Select, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy.
Spalt Select (German)	4-6%	German Spalt, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Very fine Spalter-type aroma.
Spalt Select (U.S.)	3-5%	Saaz, Tettnanger	Medium intensity and pleasant hoppy qualities. Medium-strong aroma with wild American tones.
Sterling	6-9%	Saaz	Herbal, spicy, pleasant aroma, hint of floral and citrus.
Strisslespalt (France)	3-5%	Crystal, Hersbrucker, Mt. Hood	Medium intensity, pleasant, hoppy.
Styrian Golding (Slovenia)	4.5-6%	U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Delicate, slightly spicy.
Super Alpha (New Zealand)	10-12%		Earthy, piney bittering hop.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tettnanger (German)	3.5-5.5%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, herbal.
Tettnanger (U.S.)	3.4-5.2%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Santiam	An aromatic hop, mild and slightly spicy.
Tradition (German)	5-7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Hersbrucker	Very fine and similar to Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Ultra	2-4.1%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Saaz	Very good to outstanding, some Saaz-like qualities. Aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Vanguard	4-5.7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Saaz	Aroma similar to continental European types.

American Lager

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Celeia (Slovenia)	3-6%	Styrian Golding	Moderate and pleasant zesty bitterness with matching floral aroma, making its use widespread in both ale and lager brewing. Stores very well.
Chinook	10-14%	Columbus, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Mild to medium-heavy, spicy, piney, and grapefruity.
Cluster	5.5-8.5%	Galena	Medium and quite spicy.
Crystal	2-4.5%	French Strisslespalt, Hallertauer, Hersbrucker, Liberty, Mt. Hood	Mild and pleasant, spicy and flowery.
Green Bullet (New Zealand)	11-14%	Crystal, Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Mt. Hood, Ultra	Dual purpose hop.
Hallertau Aroma (New Zealand)	6.5-8.5%	Perle	A dual purpose hop which has been used to replace Perle
Hallertauer (U.S.)	3.5-5.5%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Very mild, pleasant, and slightly flowery, some spicy.
Hallertauer Gold (German)	6-6.5%	Crystal, Mt. Hood	Known for its aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Hallertauer Mittelfrüh (German)	3-5.5%	German Tradition, Liberty, Ultra	Mild and pleasant.
Hallertauer Tradition (German)	3.5-5.5%	Crystal, Liberty	Known for its aromatic properties. A replacement for Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Hersbrucker (German)	3-5.5%	French Strisslespalt, Mt. Hood	Mild to semi-strong, pleasant, hoppy.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Liberty	3-6%	Hallertauer, Hallertauer Tradition, Mt. Hood	Mild and clean aroma, slightly spicy character.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Millenium	12-15%	Nugget	Mild, herbal, similar to Nugget.
Mt. Hood	3-8%	Crystal, French Strisslespalt, Hersbrucker	Mild, pleasant, and clean, somewhat pungent and resiny.
Newport	13-17%	Galena, Nugget	Fairly pungent.
Olympic	11-13%	Chinook	Mild to medium, citrusy aroma, spicy.
Pacific Jade (New Zealand)	12-14%		A "soft" bittering hop with spicy and citrus aroma qualities.
Saaz (Czech)	3-4.5%	U.S. Saaz	Very mild with pleasant hoppy notes, earthy, spicy, and herbal.
Saaz (U.S.)	3-5%	Czech Saaz	Mild and pleasant, earthy and spicy.
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Saphir (German)	2.5-4.5%	Any noble hops	Mild aroma hop.
Sladek (Czech)	5-6%	Czech Saaz, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	A dual-purpose Saaz hybrid.
Sorachi Ace (Japan)	13-16%		Bittering hop with lemony aroma
Southern Cross (New Zealand)	11-14%		Piney, resinous bittering hop
Spalt (German)	4-5.5%	German Spalt Select, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy.
Spalt Select (German)	4-6%	German Spalt, U.S. Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Very fine Spalter-type aroma.
Spalt Select (U.S.)	3-5%	Saaz, Tettnanger	Medium intensity and pleasant hoppy qualities. Medium-strong aroma with wild American tones.
Sterling	6-9%	Saaz	Herbal, spicy, pleasant aroma, hint of floral and citrus.
Strisslespalt (France)	3-5%	Crystal, Hersbrucker, Mt. Hood	Medium intensity, pleasant, hoppy.
Styrian Golding (Slovenia)	4.5-6%	U.K. Fuggle, U.S. Fuggle, Willamette	Delicate, slightly spicy.
Super Alpha (New Zealand)	10-12%		Earthy, piney bittering hop.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tettnanger (German)	3.5-5.5%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, Saaz, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, herbal.
Tettnanger (U.S.)	3.4-5.2%	Czech Saaz, German Spalt, Santiam	An aromatic hop, mild and slightly spicy.
Tradition (German)	5-7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Hersbrucker	Very fine and similar to Hallertauer Mittelfrüh.
Ultra	2-4.1%	Hallertauer Tradition, Liberty, Saaz	Very good to outstanding, some Saaz-like qualities. Aromatic properties similar to Hallertauer.
Vanguard	4-5.7%	Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Saaz	Aroma similar to continental European types.

American Amber & Pale Ale

Name	Alpha Acid %	Possible Substitutions	Flavor Description
Ahtanum	4-6.3%	Amarillo, Cascade	Floral, citrus, sharp, and piney.
Amarillo	8-9%	Cascade, Centennial	Citrusy, flowery.
Apollo	15-19%	Zeus	A high alpha acid varietal known for its disease resistance.
Bravo	14-17%	Apollo, Zeus
Cascade (U.S.)	4.5-7%	Amarillo, Centennial, possibly Columbus	Pleasant, flowery, spicy, and citrusy. Can have a grapefruit flavor.
Cascade (New Zealand)	6-8%	Ahtanum, Cascade, Centennial	Similar to US Cascade, has floral, citrus grapefruit character.
Centennial	8-11.5%	Cascade, possibly Columbus	Medium with floral and citrus tones.
Chinook	10-14%	Columbus, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Mild to medium-heavy, spicy, piney, and grapefruity.
Cluster	5.5-8.5%	Galena	Medium and quite spicy.
Columbus	11-16%	Chinook, Northern Brewer, Nugget, U.K. Target	Pleasant, with pungent aroma.
Galena	10-14%	Chinook, Nugget, Pride of Ringwood	Medium but pleasant hoppiness, citrusy.
Glacier (U.S.)	5-9%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger, Willamette	Dual purpose hop with a citrus earthy aroma.
Horizon	11-14%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	Pleasantly hoppy.
Magnum	13-15%	Northern Brewer	Known for bittering value and quality.
Nelson Sauvin (New Zealand)	12-14%		Unique hop with grape-like flavor
Newport	13-17%	Galena, Nugget	Fairly pungent.
Northern Brewer (German)	7-10%	Chinook, U.S. Northern Brewer	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northern Brewer (U.S.)	6-10%	Chinook, Nugget	Medium-strong with some wild tones.
Northwest Golding	4-5%		Known for aromatic properties.
Nugget	11-14.5%	Chinook, Columbus, Galena, U.K. Target	Quite heavy and herbal.
Olympic	11-13%	Chinook	Mild to medium, citrusy aroma, spicy.
Pacific Gem (New Zealand)	13-15%		Bittering hop with a woody character.
Pacific Jade (New Zealand)	12-14%		A "soft" bittering hop with spicy and citrus aroma qualities.
Palisade	5.5-9.5%	Perhaps Cascade	Some "American" characteristics.
Perle (German)	6-8.5%	Northern Brewer, U.S. Perle	Moderately intense, good and hoppy, fruity and a little spicy.
Perle (U.S.)	6-9.5%	Chinook, Cluster, Galena, Northern Brewer	Known for its aromatic and bittering properties, pleasant and slightly spicy.
Pride of Ringwood (Australia)	7-10%	Cluster, Galena	Quite pronounced, woody, earthy, herbal.
Riwaka (New Zealand)	4.5-6.5%	Czech Saaz, possible American "C" hops	Citrusy, grapefruit aroma hop
Santiam	5-7.9%	German Spalt, German Spalt Select, German Tettnanger	Noble characteristics.
Satus	12.5-14%	Galena	Known for its bittering and aromatic properties.
Simcoe	12-14%		A bittering and aromatic hop.
Sorachi Ace (Japan)	13-16%		Bittering hop with lemony aroma
Summit	16-18%	Simcoe	Ultra high-alpha bittering hop
Sun	12-16%	Magnum or a high-alpha hop	High-alpha hop with intense character
Super Alpha (New Zealand)	10-12%		Earthy, piney bittering hop.
Super Pride (Australia)	14%	Pride of Ringwood	A high alpha variety bred from Pride of Ringwood.
Target (U.K.)	9.5-12.5%	Fuggle, Willamette	Pleasant English hop aroma, quite intense.
Tomahawk	15-17%	Columbus	Primarily a bittering hop.
Warrior	15-17%	Nugget	A bittering and aromatic hop.
Willamette	3.5-6%	Styrian Golding, U.S. Fuggle, U.S. Tettnanger	Mild and pleasant, slightly spicy, fruity, floral, a little earthy.
Yakima Cluster	6-8.5%		Used as a kettle hop for bittering.
Zeus	13-17%	Columbus	Aromatic and pleasant.

José Luis Calderoni

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1BvbfozASoSgbQ5tw_6DGrOrKhNrh1iXNYgPdTMoNuCE/edit?hl=en_US

https://www.verema.com/blog/el-blog-del-cervecero/992090-guia-lupulos-para-cerveza-base-estilo